Brown Lester. 1997. State of the World. United Nations: World-watch Institute Report. p.16.

The US transnational, Monsanto, is currently carrying out field tests of its genetically engineered crops in 40 locations in India. The manner in which these tests are being conducted violates all democratic and ecological norms. The absence of a proper regulatory framework and a proper regulating agency both nationally and internationally to deal with ecological risks associated with the new technology only serves to reinforce the call made by citizens worldwide for a five-year moratorium on genetic engineering in agriculture. For more information visit, < http://www.twnside.org.sg/title/trials-cn.htm> (30th November, 2009).

Ibid.

The Act received the assent of the President on 23rd August, 2006, and was published in the Gazette of India (extraordinary) Part- II, Section- 1, Issue No. 40, Act No. 34 of 2006, dated 24th August, 2006. For more information visit official website of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, , (1st December, 2009).

S.O.1757(E).-Food Safety and Standard (Removal of Difficulties) Order, 2007, Published in the Gazette of India (extraordinary) Part-II, section 3, sub-section (ii) vide S.0. 1757(E), dated, 15thOctober, 2007. For more information visit official website of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, , (1st December, 2009).

Preamble, Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006.

The Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 (37 of 1954), The Fruit Products Order, 1955. The Meat Food Products Order, 1973. The Vegetable Oil Products (Control) Order, 1947. The Edible Oil Packaging (Regulation) Order, 1998. The Solvent Extracted Oil, De oiled Meal, and Edible Flour (Control) Order, 1967. The Milk and Milk Products Order, 1992. Any Other Order Issued under the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 (10 of 1955) relating to food.

Section 97 (1): Repeal and Savings. With effect from such date as the Central Government may appoint in this behalf, the enactment and Orders specified in the Second Schedule shall stand repealed.

Section 90: Transfer of existing employees of Central Government Agencies governing various foods related Acts or Orders to the Food Authority. On and from the date of establishment of the Food Authority, every employee holding office under the Central Government Agencies administering food laws immediately before that date shall hold his office in the Food Authority by the same tenure and upon the same terms and conditions of service including remuneration, leave, provident fund, retirement and other terminal benefits as he would have held such office if the Food Authority had not been established and shall continue to do so as an employee of the Food Authority or until the expiry of the period of six months from that date if such employee opts not to be the employee of the Food Authority.

A Circular issued for Implementation of FSSA, 2006 and transfer of PFA Work to Food Authority by Dr. Dhir Singh, Assistant Director General (PFA), dated 12th February, 2009. For more information visit official website of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, , (1st December,2009).

Rule 20, 1989 Rules- Blanket Exemption Clause: It empowers the MOEF to grant an exemption to any occupier handling a particular microorganism or GEO from the obligations stated under Rules 7-11.

Civil Writ Petition No. 608/2007 filed in the Supreme Court of India to s top the deregulation of import restrictions on GM food via MOEF notification SO 1519 (E), of 23rd August 2007.

Chowdhury Nupur, Nidhi Srivastava. April, 10-16,2010. ‘Decision on Bt- Brinjal: Legal Issues.’ Economic and Political Weekly. Vol. XLV No. 15. pp. 18-21, 28.

Preamble, Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006.

Section 13(1), Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006.

Section 13(3)(c), Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006.

Lilliston Ben, Ronnie Cummins. July/August 1998. Organic Vs “Organic”: The Corruption of a Label. The Ecologist. Vol. 28. p. 197.

Greenpeace. September 2009. Safe Food Guide: A Consumer’s Guide to GM Free Food. For more information visit, < http://www.scribd.com/doc/19598324/Safe-Food-Guide>, (13th December 2009).

Section 13(3)(g), Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006.

Tomlinson Nick. 2002. The Concept of Substantial Equivalence. New York: Prometheus Books. pp. 201-06.

For more information visit, , (12th December, 2009).

Article 1, United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, 1992.

Kirby Alex. 14th December, 1999. US Court Challenge to Monsanto. BBC News Online. For more information visit, , (12th December, 2009).

Chowdhury Nupur, Nidhi Srivastava. April, 10-16,2010. ‘Decision on Bt- Brinjal: Legal Issues.’ Economic and Political Weekly. Vol. XLV No. 15. pp. 18-21, 28.

Anderson Luke. 2000. Genetic Engineering, Food, and Our Environment. Vermont: Chelsea Green Publishing Company. p. 93.

Meister Isabelle, Thomas Schweiger. April 1999. Europe Questions GMO Releases: Chronology of Growing Resistance to GMOs. Greenpeace International. pp. 12-15.

Zanatta Mauro and Katia Guimaraes. 16th April, 1999. Agriculture Specialists Request Suspension of Transgenic Seed Production. Brazil: Gazeta Mercantil. pp. 4-9.

Government Association Supports GM Food Ban. 15th March 1999. Friends of the Earth Biotech Mail-out. Vol.5, Issue 2. pp. 5-10.

Ronald Pamela and Raoul W. Adamchak. 2008. Tomorrow’s Table: Organic Farming, Genetics, and the Future of Food. New York: Oxford University Press. p. x.

Tirado Reyes. June 2009. Defining Ecological Farming. For more information visit, < http://www.greenpeace.to/publications/Defining-Ecological-Farming-2009.pdf>,(13thDecember 2009).

Report of Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. February 9th 2010. For more information visit, , (29th June 2010).

Karnataka’s State Farmers Association Press Release. 28th November, 1998. Monsanto’s Cremation Starts in Karnataka. India: Sindhanoor. For more information visit, < http://www.greens.org/s-r/19/19-19.html> (1st November, 2009).